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Obesity
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What is Obesity ?
Obesity is a complex disease involving an excessive amount of body fat. Obesity isn’t just a cosmetic concern. It’s a medical problem that increases the risk of other diseases and health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure and certain cancers.
How is Obesity Diagnosed?
Obesity is diagnosed usually on the basis of a physical examination and the patient’s history (eating and exercise habits). It is also diagnosed by calculating BMI. Body Mass Index (BMI) is based on your height and weight. BMI does not measure body fat directly, but it is an essential tool to assess the health risk associated with being obese or overweight. If a person’s BMI is in the range of 18.5 to 24.9, then a person is not considered obese. A BMI of 30 or more means that a person is obese. Generally, it means that your body weight is 35% to 40% more than the ideal weight. The Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated using kilograms and metres instead of pounds and inches/feet.
BMI is calculated as under:
BMI = body weight (kg) ÷ height² (m).
For instance, if you weight 68 kg and are 5’8 (1.73 m) tall, divide 68 by (1.73× 1.73). The result is 22.74, and it is in the middle of the healthy range.
| BMI Value | Classification | Health Risk |
|---|---|---|
| Less than 18.5 | Underweight | Increased |
| 18.5 to 24.9 | Normal weight | Least |
| 25.0 to 29.9 | Overweight | Increased |
| 30.0 to 34.9 | Obese Class I | High |
| 35.0 to 39.9 | Obese Class II | Very High |
| 40 or Higher | Obese Class III | Extremely High |
Obesity Complications
People with obesity are more likely to develop a number of potentially serious health problems, including
- Heart disease and strokes. Obesity makes you more likely to have high blood pressure and abnormal cholesterol levels, which are risk factors for heart disease and strokes.
- Type 2 diabetes. Obesity can affect the way the body uses insulin to control blood sugar levels. This raises the risk of insulin resistance and diabetes.
- Certain cancers. Obesity may increase the risk of cancer of the uterus, cervix, endometrium, ovary, breast, colon, rectum, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, kidney, and prostate.
- Digestive problems. Obesity increases the likelihood of developing heartburn, gallbladder disease, and liver problems.
- Sleep apnea. People with obesity are more likely to have sleep apnea, a potentially serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep.
- Osteoarthritis. Obesity increases the stress placed on weight-bearing joints, in addition to promoting inflammation within the body. These factors may lead to complications such as osteoarthritis.
How do I Control Obesity?
10 Best Steps for Obesity Prevention
- Take more protein and fewer carbohydrates in food
- Plan physical exercise
- Reduce sedentarism
- Regular Your Diet
- Reduce the calorie supply
- Choose healthier foods
- Good Sleep
- Eating only when hungry
- Plan Meals
